Psychoanalysis and behaviourism - …
Early in the 20th century, John B. Watson argued in his book Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviorist for the value of a psychology which concerned itself with behavior in and of itself, not as a method of studying consciousness. This was a substantial break from the structuralist psychology of the time, which used the method of introspection and considered the study of behavior valueless. Watson, in contrast, studied the adjustment of organisms to their environments, more specifically the particular stimuli leading organisms to make their responses. Most of Watson's work was comparative, i.e., he studied the behavior of animals. Watson's approach was much influenced by the work of Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, who had stumbled upon the phenomenon of classical conditioning (learned reflexes) in his study of the digestive system of the dog, and subsequently investigated the phenomena in detail. Watson's approach emphasized physiology and the role of stimuli in producing conditioned responses - assimilating most or all function to reflex. For this reason, Watson may be described as an S-R (stimulus-response) psychologist.
Humanism: A Comparison with Psychoanalysis & Behaviorism
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Comparing Behaviourism And Psychoanalysis Essay - …
Teaches readers how to recognize the effects of the unconscious on their daily lives (Iceberg analogy).
- The exploration of human behaviors based on motivation, unconscious, past situations and other defense mechanisms clearly explain why people behave a certain way at times
- Great for getting into the minds of the author, character, or audience.
- Emphasizes the importance of childhood experiences
Cons of psychoanalytic theory
- The readers are more focused on the author’s purpose behind their choice of words and their reasons why their wrote the literary work instead of reading their work
- Disregards the suspense that makes the work entertaining.
A Comparison Between Psychoanalysis And Behaviorism …
B.F. Skinner, who carried out experimental work mainly in comparative psychology from the 1930s to the 1950s, but remained behaviorism's best known theorist and exponent virtually until his death in 1990, developed a distinct kind of behaviorist philosophy, which came to be called radical behaviorism. He also claimed to have found a new version of psychological science, which he called behavior analysis or the experimental analysis of behavior.
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